Orthographic¶
The orthographic projection is a perspective azimuthal projection centered around a given latitude and longitude.
Classification |
Azimuthal |
Available forms |
Forward and inverse, spherical and ellipsoidal |
Defined area |
Global, although only one hemisphere can be seen at a time |
Alias |
ortho |
Domain |
2D |
Input type |
Geodetic coordinates |
Output type |
Projected coordinates |

proj-string: +proj=ortho
¶
Note
Before PROJ 7.2, only the spherical formulation was implemented. If
wanting to replicate PROJ < 7.2 results with newer versions, the
ellipsoid must be forced to a sphere, for example by adding a +f=0
parameter.
This projection method corresponds to EPSG:9840
.
Parameters¶
Note
All parameters for the projection are optional.
- +lon_0=<value>¶
Longitude of projection center.
Defaults to 0.0.
Note
The default convention is to interpret this value as decimal degrees. To specify radians instead, follow the value with the "r" character.
Example: +lon_0=1.570796r
See Projection Units for more information.
- +lat_0=<value>¶
Latitude of projection center.
Defaults to 0.0.
Note
The default convention is to interpret this value as decimal degrees. To specify radians instead, follow the value with the "r" character.
Example: +lat_0=1.570796r
See Projection Units for more information.
- +ellps=<value>¶
The name of a built-in ellipsoid definition.
See Ellipsoids for more information, or execute
proj -le
for a list of built-in ellipsoid names.Defaults to "GRS80".
- +R=<value>¶
Radius of the sphere, given in meters. If used in conjunction with
+ellps
,+R
takes precedence.See Ellipsoid size parameters for more information.
- +x_0=<value>¶
False easting, in meters.
Defaults to 0.0.
- +y_0=<value>¶
False northing, in meters.
Defaults to 0.0.